Critical minerals in Latin America: a strategic outlook for investors

23 July 2026

Latin America presents a strong opportunity for investors in critical minerals. It combines mature mining jurisdictions with opportunities in frontier markets, mineral-rich geologies and investment liberalisation. However, resource nationalism is rising and environmental, social and political risks remain. A successful investment strategy requires detailed local knowledge and a project-specific assessment. In this briefing we outline the key opportunities, risks and mitigation strategies for investors.

Global demand for critical minerals is rising, driven by electrification, renewable energy, advanced technologies and defence, Latin America is a focal point in securing supply. The region hosts significant lithium and copper reserves, with Chile, Peru and Argentina as leading producers and Brazil emerging as a significant source of rare earth elements.

A key external driver is the effort by the United States and its partners to diversify supply chains. Institutions such as the Export-Import Bank of the United States and the US International Development Finance Corporation play an active role in driving investment across the region's critical minerals sector. At the same time, China's updated Mineral Resources Law signals a shift towards greater State control over China's own critical minerals supply chain.

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