The "effective control" of companies of healthcare practitioners in France

2 December 2025

Recent developments in French case law have clarified and tightened the requirements for an effective control of professional practice companies by healthcare practitioners and veterinarians. The balance between this "effective control" concept and the legitimate rights of investors remains difficult to find. This briefing summarizes the current legal framework, key recent case law, and practical implications for networks of healthcare practitioners and veterinarians.

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